Chapter 5 When you’re Big, You Can Be Your Own B2B E-Marketing Summary Essay

Volkswagen AG offers eight brand of automobiles Volkswagen (passenger) , Volkswagen commercial vehicle , VWgroupsupply.com handles 90 percent of Volkswagen global purchases. Almost all requirements for quotes contact negotiations, catalog updating and buying, and purchase-order management, vehicle program management, and payments are handle electronically and online through VWgroupsupply.com. Has in essence, created a system that brings the necessary information to the purchasing. This new system within VWgroupsupply.com is called IPAD, or international purchasing agent desk. Questions: 1. Volkswagen operates its own proprietary B2B e-marketplace in which is suppliers participate what are the disadvantage to Volkswagen of not using a generic B2B e-marketplace with even more suppliers? What are that advantage to Volkswagen of developing and using its own proprietary B2B e-marketplace? Answer: 2. When Volkswagen need a new part design. It uses. VWsupplygroup.com to get its suppliers involved in a design process early. This creates a tremendous amount of interorganizational collaboration. What are the advantage to the suppliers and to Volkswagen and going so? Answer: 3. How much Volkswagen Vwgroupsuplly.com B2B e-marketplace an example of a vertical e-marketplace implementation? How is it an example of a horizontal e-marketplace implementation? Why is it necessary that Volkswagen combine both of these e-marketplaces into one e-marketplace? What would be the drawbacks to creating two different e-marketplace-ones for suppliers or direct materials and one supplier of MRO materials? Answer: 4. To make effective purchasing agents need business intelligence. What kind of business intelligence does IPAD provide to purchasing agents for carrying out their tasks? What addition kinds of business intelligence not discussed in this case could Volkswagen’s purchasing agent take advantage of to make more effective decisions? Answer: 5. IPAD manages the workflow for purchasing agents. Describe how IPAD manages this process including information provided, steps to be executed, and the presentation of information. Answer:

Development of Haiti 2010

Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere with 80% of the population living under the poverty line and 54% in horrible poverty. Two-thirds of all Haitians depend on the agricultural sector, mainly small-scale subsistence farming, and remain at risk to damage from frequent natural disasters as well as the country's widespread growth of deforestation (much of the remaining forested land is being cleared for agriculture and used as fuel).While the economy has recovered in recent years, registering positive growth since 2005, four tropical storms in 2008 along with the recent storm that had hit Haiti this year in 2010 severely damaged the transportation, communications, and agricultural areas. Larger scale agricultural products in Haiti include coffee, mangos, sugarcane, rice, corn, sorghum and wood. Although industry is small, sugar refining, textiles and some assembly are common in Haiti. The economic inequality in Haiti is comparatively high. Expenditure distributions are highly slanted with the majority of expenditures at the low end.The GDP (gross domestic product) per capita in Haiti as of 2009 is $1,300. The number of the unemployed in Haiti is 3. 643 million people. The labor force rates in Haiti by occupation, for agriculture it is 66%, for services it is 25%, and for industry it is only 9%. In Haiti, those who can read and write are usually 15 and older. Typical males can read and write more so than girls, but only by a small percentage: males are 54. 8% literate and females are 51. 2% literate. Haiti has 15,200 primary schools, of which 90% are non-public and managed by the communities, religious organizations.The enrollment rate for primary school is 67%, and fewer than 30% reach 6th grade. Secondary schools enroll 20% of eligible-age children. Although, public education is free, private and unsophisticated schools provide around 75% of educational programs offered and less than 65% of those eligible for primary education are actually enrol led. Only 63% of those enrolled will complete primary school. Although Haitians place a high value on education, few can afford to send their children to secondary school. Remittances sent by Haitians living abroad are important in contributing to educational costs.Haiti meets most international human rights standards. In practice, however, many provisions are not respected. The government’s human rights record is poor. Political killings, kidnapping, torture, and unlawful custody are common unofficial practices. Medical facilities in Haiti are in short supply and for the most part they are all very poor quality; outside the capital standards are even lower than in Port-au-Prince. Medical care in Port-au-Prince is limited, and the level of community sanitation is extremely low. Life-threatening emergencies often require evacuation by air ambulance at the patient's expense.Doctors and hospitals often expect immediate cash payment for health services. The degree of risk in Hait i is quite high; half of the children in Haiti are unvaccinated and just 40% of the population has access to basic health care. Even before the 2010 earthquake, nearly half the causes of deaths have been attributed to HIV/AIDS, respiratory infections, meningitis and diarrheal diseases, including cholera and typhoid. Ninety percent of Haiti’s children suffer from waterborne diseases and intestinal parasites. Approximately 5% of Haiti's adult population is infected with HIV.Cases of tuberculosis in Haiti are more than ten times as high as those in other Latin American countries. Also, around 30,000 people in Haiti suffer each year from malaria. Environmental widespread growth of deforestation in Haiti as well as, soil erosion, poor supply of drinkable water, biodiversity, climate change, and desertification are some main causes as to why Haiti is such a poor and lacking country today. The forests that once covered the entire country have now been reduced to 4% of the total land area. Haiti loses 3% of its forests every year.Deforestation has had a disastrous effect on soil fertility, because the steep hillsides on which so many Haitian farmers work are particularly at risk to erosion. Another environmental factor that faces Haiti is the unplanned and unsustainable timber harvesting, agricultural clearing, and livestock cultivation that has thrown Haiti’s environment into crisis, creating the effects of hurricanes and floods on the already unstable country. Haiti’s transportation is not at all well; although they have 14 airports in Haiti, only 4 of them are paved and the other 10 are not.The road total mileage in Haiti is about 2,585 miles, only 628 miles of it is paved and 1,957 miles is unpaved. Haiti has only two main highways that run from one end of the country to the other. In the past Haiti used railroads, but today they are no longer in use due to other forms of transportation that have become available. The birth rate in Haiti is 24 . 92 births per 1,000 people of the population, and the death rate is 32. 31 deaths per 1,000 people of the population as of 2010. The infant mortality rate total is 77. 26% deaths per 1,000 live births; males have a higher death rate than females. Males having 81. deaths per 1,000 live births and females having 73. 07 deaths per 1,000 live births. Life expectancy of the total population is only 29. 93 years, males only having 29. 61 years and females living until around age 30. The reason for such a high mortality rate is due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected.Works Cited CIA. â€Å"CIA – The World Factbook. † Welcome to the CIA Web Site — Central Intelligence Agency. 27 Oct. 2010. Web. 05 Nov. 010. . Nicolas, Marc-Charles. â€Å"Facts about Haiti, About Haiti, Data and Populat ion of Haiti, Haiti Crime Report, Haiti Superficie, Haiti Superficy. † Haitisurf. com- Haiti Website, Haitian Website, Top Haitian Website – Haiti Tourism – Haiti Vacations. 2008. Web. 05 Nov. 2010. . Rival, Antonio. â€Å"Culture of Haiti – Traditional, History, People, Clothing, Traditions, Women, Beliefs, Food, Customs, Family, Social, Dress, Marriage, Men, Life, Population, Religion, Rituals. † Countries and Their Cultures. Web. 05 Nov. 2010. . U. S. Library of Congress. â€Å"Haiti – GEOGRAPHY. † Country Studies. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. .

Psychology in a Prayer for Owen Meany Essay

Thoroughly leading up until the climactic ending in A Prayer For Owen Meany, John Irving explains to his readers just how important it is to Owen Meany to fulfill his duties and obligations to God. Like a hobbit traveling to Mt. Doom in Mordor, he is determined and dedicated more than anyone in the novel to achieve his goals, despite his responsibilities and, what should be, his major concerns in his life. Owen completely envelopes himself in the fact that he is an instrument used by God, and doesn’t even stop to think to realize and remember his loved ones, whom are Hester, his love struck girlfriend, and John, his best friend who has been with him through thick and thin ever since they were children. It is bittersweet, I suppose, about the choices he ultimately ends up making until the end. On one hand he will miss out on the opportunities he can easily obtain through attending Harvard and making a life for himself with his most important people by his side (Hester and John); on the other hand, however, by choosing to follow God’s calling for his life, he will conclusively act upon the happening that impacts the ending of the novel altogether. Owen, as one finds out throughout the novel, is excessively brilliant, surpassing the intelligence of other people his age by far. Tabitha Wheelwright acknowledges this special gift in Owen insisting that he attend Gravesend Academy, where his brilliance be put to good use. It turns out that it was, for Owen ends up being the best student at the Academy, which almost guarantees him the ability to attend Harvard to now receive the best college education possible, but certain setbacks keep him from doing so. His careless mistake of getting caught making fake IDs for other students opens the door for the principle to seize at the opportunity to expel Owen, which severely hurts his chances to get into any worthwhile colleges. But with this, Owen understands that his purpose must lie elsewhere, because nothing happens for no reason. Even before this incident occurs, he knows his death will be undeniable for it is a part of God’s plan for him, and that â€Å"the shot† is involved in this future incident. Owen’s responsibilities to his education is nothing, however, compared to the conflicting feelings Hester and John feel about Owen’s prophecies and predictions about his death. â€Å"Owen knows that he must sacrifice his life to save others, both physically and spiritually (Rosefeldt, 1). Following this, he joins the army to go to Vietnam in an attempt to seal his fate as he believes God wants him to do. Hester practically resents Owen for his stubbornness in doing this, placing that as more important, his passion, in front of her, his implied â€Å"responsibility. † After his death, Hester becomes a hard rock sex icon in the music world in a ways to cope, and John completely unaware how he will now live his life, for Owen was always such a compass in his life, that he feels helpless without him. Owen’s obsession with his passion has completely blinded him to the fact that his responsibilities, the ones that care about him the most, need him the most, but even with them he puts his God given goals first, as always. Lastly, toward the end of the novel, Owen’s only, and I mean that literally, thing on his mind, is fulfilling his purpose, which he ends up doing in the chapter â€Å"the shot† where he sacrifices himself, as Jesus Christ did for the world, for the sake of the Vietnamese orphan children. â€Å"When Owen Meany said ‘READY? ’ I figured we had about two seconds left to live. But he soared far above my arms-when I lifted him, he soared even higher than usual; he wasn’t taking any chances. He went straight up, never turning to face me, and instead of merely dropping the grenade and leaving it on the window ledge, he caught hold of the ledge with both hands, pinning the grenade against the ledge and trapping it there safely with his hands and forearms. He wanted to be sure that the grenade couldn’t roll off the ledge and fall back in the room (Irving, 623-624). † Here Owen proves the symbolism for the concept of sacrifice, and just how much of a Christ-like figure he is, practically mirroring Christ’s life. From the mysterious secret revealed that Owen is actually from a virgin birth, to the sacrifice he makes for the sake of others, this mirror image is quite apparent. From the start Owen knew he would become a hero for those in need of one, and his lifelong passion for it is finally is proved to be worthwhile in the final chapter. Owen Meany has to be one of the most admirable characters in any novel ever written by the fact that once he sets his mind to something, there is absolutely no changing it by any means. Regardless of his loved ones, he new this is what he had to do, and did not want to disrupt God’s plans that He had for him. He knew being a sacrifice as well as a hero to others was his fate, and he learned long ago fate is not something to be messed with. This also reveals just how similar God and Owen are to each other, and how each other’s lives are identical in almost all means- they are selfless, and just want to prove to others, as well as themselves, tha t their purpose on this earth is put too tremendous use, despite the clashes with the outcome of their responsibilities.

E commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

E commerce - Essay Example The business being conducted on the Internet which is now called ‘Electronic Commerce’ has a remarkable history. The continuous research and development has enables corporate organizations to reconstruct their business strategies. The integration of electronic commerce applications lays the foundation in the organization’s digital business process. This report will display the micromanagement and implementation of the current e commerce technologies in to current businesses. The purpose is to analyze the methodologies and processes required for integrating electronic commerce applications. The organization which is preferred in this report is Tesco PLC. The focus will be on the CRM of Tesco that is envy of many (BrandingAsia.com). Description of company The origin of Tesco was started in 1919 when Jack Cohen started selling groceries from the stall in London. Since then Tesco has claimed itself as one of the leading food and grocery retailers in the world and has over 2000 store worldwide. It was rewarded to adopt award winning online strategy (Award-winning online strategy for Tesco. 2009). ... ding grid which is a global B2B E-Commerce and integration service to enables the real-time flow of information linking businesses in spite of technical capability, standards preferences, spoken language or geographic location (, GXS - Products - Trading Grid Overview ). The elements consist of diversification of stores in new areas with new services and products. In 2000, Tesco was representing only 8% of the global gross domestic product (GDP). As 65% operations of Tesco selling space are dispersed across the globe representing 53% of GDP. In 1997 the international business generated 1.8% profits. In 2010 the profit grew to 22% which is a remarkable achievement. The organizations recorded revenues till February 2010 were $ 5,494.1 million. The stores are dispersed in Europe, Asia and the Unites States. The geographically dispersed locations of Tesco stores are shown in Fig 1.1. Tesco currently has 472,000 employees. For achieving customer loyalty, Tesco is focusing on maintaining a business model by value added retailing. In spite the recession, Tesco was able to meet customer satisfaction by launching schemes for instance double points, Club cards, Discount brands, Market Value and finest collection ready meals. By implementing the value added retailing, the sales figures were immaculate also changing customer behaviour. In a low growth market this strategy was a successful one for Tesco (DATAMONITOR: Tesco PLC. 2010). FIG 1.1(Wikipedia contributors) Tesco as an international retailer included a variety of non food merchandise in an effective way and represent itself with a variety of products, not just a grocery store. Category types of stores include Tesco Extra, Tesco Superstores, Tesco Metro, Tesco Express, One Stop and Tesco Home plus. The organization

Assignment 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Assignment 4 - Essay Example In other words, free will is said to be operant whenever an action is seen to be morally responsible or lack thereof. In the same vein, free will is applied to those actions which lead to significant consequences. The second condition is important, for there is no utility in dissecting the intentions of an individual when they do not spring from a will to act. Having said this, sometimes people make the right choices for the wrong reasons. To prevent such pitfalls, Campbell says that ‘inner acts’ is what needs to be considered, as opposed to ‘overt acts’. Campbell goes on to further refine the scope for free will. An individual cannot be held accountable for decisions and actions that are beyond his realm of control. To this extent, only those acts are accounted for, for which the instigator is the sole actor. As Campbell readily admits, his endeavour toward a sound definition of free will is only partially successful. Not only are there too many conditions, but there are also extraneous factors such as heredity and environment which have a bearing on the exercise of free will. Considering all the loopholes and external factors, Campbell adopts a simplified guideline, whereby, an individual can be blamed or praised for his acts, only if he could have acted otherwise. There is some merit to the view that heredity and circumstance can considerably limit human volition. But this premise only sets the scope within which free will can be evaluated. It does not follow that determinism is the overarching explanation for human action. The other major problem with determinism is that it disburdens people from moral responsibility. While Campbell’s success in defining free will could be debated, his essay has a definite utility. It helps the reader understand the various truisms, assumptions, variables, factors and pitfalls that the project entails. Yet, by the end

Richard Branson and the Virgin Group Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Richard Branson and the Virgin Group - Coursework Example The group’s activities span such disparate lines of business as music, airlines, rail transport, movie industry, financial services, telecommunications, soft drinks, space travel, tourism, health services and much more. As can be expected, some of the ventures did not live up to the expectations, inviting criticism of the limits to which a brand’s power can be stretched by reckless and unrelated diversification. At the same time, the unique leadership that Branson provides with commonsense approach, changing corporate and functional strategies continuously, laying focus on corporate governance, customer satisfaction and employee-motivation belie the flamboyant extrovert who exploits every opportunity to enhance Virgin’s brand power for success of the various ventures under its umbrella. The case study explores the story of an entrepreneur who dares to challenge established notions of limits of brand dilution, diversification into unrelated areas, value of commons ense in business, and informality in organizational/communication matters. Talking to the Forbes magazine on 1 February 1997, Branson said, â€Å"If you can run one company, you can run any company. You can learn the nuances of a particular industry in two months. And it is so great being in so many different businesses. That is the fun of it† (Anon., n.d., coursework.info). The last part is a give away (the fun and enjoyment of being in business) for the Branson persona. Occasional failure or short-on-performance does not dilute Branson’s vision for making Virgin as one of the world’s leading brands. Failures While the Virgin Record Company and related businesses were highly successful, Branson’s move into the highly competitive airlines industry and challenging the major established players with cheap travel plans was not so successful. In fact, in the early 1990s, Branson had to sell off his first love, the music company, in order to support the falter ing Virgin Atlantic Airways, which faced intense competition from the British Airways, the dominant player. Although Virgin Atlantic Airways started off well since its inception in 1984 and went public in 1986, the stock market crash of 1987 led to crash of its share prices forcing Branson to buy back the public stock and turn it into a private firm once again (Anon., n.d., coursework.info). The Virgin Group’s cable company NTL planned acquisition of a stake in the media and entertainment business which was dominated by Rupert Murdoch, by acquiring nearly 20% stake in the company ITV (Barr, 2006; Clothier, CNN, 2006). These plans were thwarted by Rupert Murdoch’s BSkyB, who outbid NTL. This episode exposed Branson’s inability to accept defeat in grace. Another criticism of the Virgin Group has been its inability to fully integrate local cultural nuances into its management policies and branded products. In order to overcome this situation, Branson brought in a w ell-known marketing specialist Ashley Stockwell, as Virgin’s Brand Marketing Director (Anon., n.d., coursework.info). Branson’s foray into the movie industry with the acquisition of MGM in 1995 was again a failure, which he readily accepted and described it as a premature decision (Anon., n.d., coursework.info). Reasons for success Branson’

Fashion Popular Pleasure and the Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Fashion Popular Pleasure and the Media - Essay Example The essay "Fashion Popular Pleasure and the Media" gives a detailed information about popular pleasure in fashion and media and also discovers the gender representation in culture. The bind, which is mutual restraint, must be deconstructed. â€Å"A strong point may be to think of gender on the lines of Michel Foucault’s theory of sexuality as â€Å"technology of sex† and to propose that gender too, both as representation and as self representation, is the product of various social technologies, such as cinema.† It is undeniable fact that it is media which shapes our notions to demarcate between male or female. Different role models are projected in media but the question is does this role model represent the range of men/women? Or it is a difference of stereotype which later becomes sub-stereotype. Does this projection of role models not harming the individuality. The women were praised for their voluptuous bodies before it was told that to be fat was wrong and i nterestingly men preferred the women of voluptuous bodies because such women were ideal for child bearing. In animal kingdom the bodies of female are larger but women are the only creatures that are expected and forced to have a fragile figure. It is interesting to note that artists of all ages have been the staunch believer of the fact that women of all figures and size are beautiful. See the works of Botticelli, Renoir and Rubens. Therefore, it is very difficult for a lot of women to achieve the ideal slender figure and it does not liberate them.

Assignment 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assignment 6 - Essay Example Most of our research and other students spend most of their time in the computer labs doing research and assignments as required of them. Last year, several computers began failing and we recognized the problem but not any of the repair alternatives or parts replacement have wholesomely fixed computers. Four of the workstations were out of order for many months and for that reason; the students were short of computers to use. I have done my investigation and now propose for the purchase of Nautiz x5 handhelds in the form of in-the-field barcode scanning, therefore research projects across a range of sciences will be able to catalog items and take inventories as required by industry standards simultaneously creating a cyber-infrastructure that researchers and educators will tap into to be more efficient in their work. Details Suggestion We need to purchase Nautiz X5 handhelds for our fieldwork since its performance will be just fine and the ruggedness is good. Pairing bar-coding with Nautiz X5 handheld will allow a diverse set of pilot projects to test the ability to increase efficiency, productivity and integrity in data flow - streamlining data collection, sample processing, database management and analysis, and speeding time to publication. It will also work well in the class room; the screen and keyboard are handy and therefore will allow our ecology group to barcode so many samples and even our geochemists, tracking them individually and in groups through the analytical process. They also will be able to survive being dropped, getting wet or dusty and also handle changes in temperature. I suppose, based on the high quality and reliability of the Nautiz hardware, this will be the most economical and concrete solution to our present problem. Details evaluation The evident benefits to the students will be as follows: Improvement in data collection processes for academic researchers in the field, Increasing data management capabilities and streamlining the acad emic-publishing process Has a long life battery Has a day light viewable screen To give our research students an edge over other universities Recommendation I propose that we use barcode-scanning on multiple projects with the rugged, field-proven Nautiz X5 rugged handheld, which creates simple forms to collect data while simultaneously creating a cyber-infrastructure of data peers can tap. Nautiz X5 is competitive, mainly in the range of rugged handhelds, which have a propensity to be super-high-end systems. This will strengthen our educational needs for undergraduate research students for conducting their research and experimental courses. I therefore ask for an approval by 30th November to place an order with Malcolm Handhelds and Office Suppliers for deliveries to start in January 2013. Appendices Comparison table Title Features Capabilities Costs Nautiz rugged X5 handheld Processor: Marvell PXA320 Xscale 806 MHz Memory: 256 MB RAM, data storage-512 MB Flash, operating system- wi ndows mobile 6.1,screen-3.5" VGA TFT LCD, 480 x 640 pixel, daylight viewable, keyboard - Numeric keypad, optional QWERTY,battery-4400 mAh, all day operation with default settings, rechargeable LI-ion, communication- CCX Cisco Compatible extensions Integrated GPS SiRF III with Instant Fix II GSM/UMTS

Airline Mergers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Airline Mergers - Essay Example Over the years, the number of airlines have been intentionally narrowed down to just a few major airlines. Narrowing down of the airlines have been actualized by mergers that have taken place over the years. The number of mergers have been exceptionally high. This has resulted in creation of some of the world huge airlines. Mergers happen in order for the two partners to gain a certain leverage that was not there before. Universally the reasons behind most of this unions are known. The main reasons include-: 2. Cutting cost- this might be the biggest motivator if not among the best factors. The situation can be looked as previous competitors marrying. This means that we will not have price wars into the future and costs of advertising automatically drops. 3. Surviving- it is a last resort on most companies, it is usually a case of staying in the business or being driven out of business. Therefore when a company is bankrupt or does not have the capability of surviving the tough market forces, merger come through as the only remedy. 5. Competitive advantage- it is a huge factor. Companies are able to reach out to market traditionally not accessed. Therefore this creates a headache for other players since the new merger brings with it financial might. 7. The reasons behind the mergers in the USA airline industry are factored in the above explained reasons. Mergers are nice for business but they are not immune to the law. It is normally a case of trending carefully in order not to break the laws of consumerism in the name of mergers. Therefore, it was not by mistake that in 2013 the government of the USA with support from numerous consumer federations filed a law suit stopping the merger between the mighty American and the mighty US air. The previous mergers that ever occurred did not raise as much issue and outcry as the

See assignment criteria Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

See assignment criteria - Essay Example 173). Because CP results from the damage in the brain, any injury to the brain during its development that happens before, during, immediately after or after a few years of childbirth potentially causes a child to have this condition. The insult to the brain maybe precipitated by anoxia or absence of oxygen, infections, brain malformations, head injuries, and genetic disorders (â€Å"Cerebral Palsy,† 2009, p. 212). These cases may consequence the affected child with mild, moderate or severe affectations. According to Professional Guide to Diseases, the condition appears to be more common in the male children than in females (2009, p. 173). Peacock (2000, p. 20) highlighted the three ways the children may be affected. They may (a) have weak muscles, (b) lack muscle tone in some muscles, or (c) have tightness in their muscles. Each one can exist without the other; in unfortunate cases, however, a child can have all. Other symptoms include inability to do various motor skills such as reaching, crawling, sitting, walking, writing and grasping things. Balance and gait, speech, and eating are also be affected. The child will also be easily fatigued. Due to the existence of these problems, a child faces more challenging issues as he or she grows. Without cerebral palsy, a person can effortlessly maintain an upright position against gravity with less level of tension demanded from the body and the muscle groups involved in such movement. People â€Å"can automatically adjust our position in a coordinated way to balance and move† (Hinchcliffe, 2003, p. 7). Moreover, the brain normally directs the whole body as to how and when it should move. Specific neural signals are sent to specific receptors which in turn enable the muscles to move as intended (Latash, 2008, p. 195). Since there is damage to the brain affecting this task in people with cerebral palsy, there is impairment in the normal function of muscle control and coordination.

The project life cycle Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The project life cycle - Assignment Example These phases form essential elements for understanding a project’s life cycle. Each phase includes a combination of similar activities. Phases are sequential where one has to complete before the next one begins and some activities into the early phase of a project will continue until project completion Project life cycle is of great interest because it is a current issue applied in businesses to achieve their goals and objectives especially achieving growth by launching new products/services. Companies that desire to compete in international markets understand the importance of increasing project life cycle management invention and quality of their products/services (Burke, 2013). Project management is an emergent field that gives companies leverage to create new products and gain a competitive advantage. On a personal level, I am interested in this topic because it offers an exciting career path and a way to use my creativity to solve organizational problems. Academic curiosity also influenced my interest because I like researching on new areas of study to increase my knowledge. The research conducted for this paper shows similarities with project life cycle key concepts learnt in in the module. For example, the definition of key concepts such as phases and project life cycle processes are similar. Issues discussed in the research articles used to develop this paper were very similar to those discussed in the module. As I did my research, I felt like I was revising the concepts that I learn t in class. For example, all articles explain the four phases of project life cycle precisely as they were explained in the module learning materials. According to Burke (2013), the importance of project management life cycle is to create seamless flow of work in ensuring the success of a firm (Burke, 2013). Another importance is that the process eliminates delays and wastage of resources. It also facilitates quality

Economic Globalization Essay Example for Free

Economic Globalization Essay Economic globalisation is a concept that has become common in the recent times and it is popularity is growing overtime. It virtually implies the process by which two or more countries economically integrate with an aim of enabling a global marketplace or in other words creating a global single market (Fung, 2006, pp 1). The main purpose for economic integration is to enable the expansion of the market, that is, corporations are enabled to operate beyond the borders of their country of origin. The concept of economic globalization can be perceived to posses both positives and negatives depending on the context over which is being analyzed from (Gardner, 2005, pp 67) The concept of economic globalization can be traced back to the ancient days during the trans-national trade period, which is several thousand years ago. The process of economic globalization is in control of the world trade organisation that provide rules that need to be followed in enhancing effective trade interactions between various countries of the world (Stalker, 1998, pp3),. The main goal of the WTO is to enable the producers of goods and services, the exporters of the goods and the importers of goods to conduct their business with much easy. The rules are based on the agreements that are set among the trading nations, where the agreements are expected to be ratified by the parliament of respective nations (Gu, 2006, pp 157). The WTO membership is currently 153 world countries with also a number of observers. The admission date into the organization of various nations vary from one country to other as it is a voluntary participation. For example, China joined the organization on 11 December 2001 (Peerenboom, 2007, pp 145). This proposal is based on carrying a research concerning the effects of Economic globalization and Chinas accession to WTO on domestic companies. The proposal starts at first providing the background information concerning economic globalization in china and its effect on the Chinese Economy. The research questions and objectives are then provided, the scope of the study and the significance of the study as the part of introduction. Literature review will then follow methodology and lastly the time plan. The research will use the Shenzhen Energy Corporation in China as one of the Chinas domestic energy enterprises in analyzing the effects of economic globalization on domestic companies and the response of these companies to the competition that arises from economic globalization in ensuring market sustainability. 1. 1 Background Economic globalisation is perceived to have enhanced China to attain an accelerated economic growth following the expansion of its market size, which enables the country to produce more following the increased demand for their products and services (Kotler, 2005, pp 37). The country is perceived to be benefiting from the global market in a reasonable manner following the countrys comparative advantage of cheap labour (Lu, 2003, pp 567). The cheap labour is enhanced through the high population of the country that implies abundant supply of labour (Prigoff, 1999, pp 89). This situation provides the country with a competitive advantage in the world market on the reason that its products are likely to bear a low price compared to the ones of their competitors who experiences high costs of production (Allan, 2004, pp 17). Following the encouraging of economic globalization by China becoming a member of WTO, the volume of foreign investments grew in China that were likely to compete with the local producers of goods and services (Hopper, 2006, pp 297). Shenzhen Energy is one of the domestic companies that felt the impact of the foreign investment competition and responded to it accordingly in enabling market sustainability. Shenzhen Energy Corporation was established through a fund raising in 1993 on it being approved by the peoples government office in the city of Shenzhen. The company was listed in the Shenzhen stock exchange market in September 1993, and it was the first large shareholding enterprise in the national electric powers to be listed in the stock market. The company was also the first public service stock company to be listed in the Shenzhen stock market (http://www. sec. com. cn/en/about/index. aspx? ModuleNo=080102 ). The company is controlled by the shareholder, Shenzhen Energy group company that was founded in 1993 as a state owned power company. The controlling company had been growing rapidly in proportionate to the economic growth of Shenzhen economy. The scope of business for the company is to develop, produce, purchase and market the various convectional energies and new energies within China. The company engages in investments and carries operations that are meant to enhance development. It participates in the transporting raw materials that are energy related and also involves itself in port, dock and storage industry. The company has investments and operations that are related to energy in the land industry, real estate industry and also the leasing industry. The companys investments and operations are also extended to high technology industries that are meant to improve the efficiency in the utilization of energy. The companys operations go beyond the border of China, that is, it involves in the import and the export of various goods. The goods that are exported and imported by the company include the set of equipment, supporting equipment, machines tools and also the vehicles that are to be used in energy projects. The company is also engaged in providing services that are related to the energy industry that include the designing, construction, management and providing the day to day operating services to energy projects. The company also provides service that includes staff training, consultation among other services that are mean to enable improved performance of the human resources in the energy industry and the making of informed decisions. The participation in developing environmental protection technology is a task that is carried by the company following the pollution claims that are raised concerning the consumption of energy. From the accounting reporting of the companys performance in 2007, the company had a total asset base worth 24. 5 billion Yuan. The larger proportion of the companys market is based in Shenzhen where it also hold majority of the share value of the plants. Its operations are mainly concentrated in Shenzhen and its surrounding. Some of these plants in which it holds shares include Shenzhen Mawan General Plant, Shenzhen Yuelianngwan Power plant, Dongguan Zhangyang Power Plant, Huizhou Fengda Power Plant, Guangdong heyuan Power Plant, and Ghana Combustion Engine Power Plant. The last two plants as provided in the list above are under construction. The companys performance as been desirable overtime. Shenzhen Energy Corporation has consistently been awarded various tittles that include outstanding enterprise, Advanced party committee and the law abiding tax payer. Therefore, Shenzhen energy Corporation can be perceived as being a local company in China that is likely to be affected by the foreign investors in china in the energy industry as a result of economic globalization. 1. 2 Problem Statement Following the participation of China in the economic globalization as an avenue over which economic growth can be enhanced and the Chinas accession to WTO can be perceived to have posed some effects on the domestic companies in China. The effect on the domestic companies arises from fact that a number of foreign companies are likely to be established in China to compete with the domestic companies. The competition between the domestic and the foreign companies in a given industry imply that the market for some industry is likely to be divided among the competitors with respect to their competitive advantages. The companies that produce their goods and services within the market standards and price will stand a better chance of taking a larger marker share compared to the companies that are less competent. In the wake for economic globalization and Chinas accession to WTO, there has been quite a large inflow of foreign companies into the Chinese economy. The energy industry has not been the exemption. A large number of power enterprises have been flowing into the economy, and they are characterized by having a large capital base, they are of high technology and possess management efficiency. These characteristics enable these foreign power enterprises to compete favorably with the domestic power enterprises like Shenzhen power corporation. The competition has been tight between the domestic power enterprises and the foreign power enterprises that require respective enterprises to undertake some strategies in enabling them to survive in the market. Shenzhen power corporation has not been an exemption in the competition that is posed by both foreign power enterprises and the local enterprises. The corporation has been thriving despite the increased and tight competition in the energy industry. Therefore, the aim of the study is to bring the strategies that have been taken by Shenzhen power corporation in enhancing the capability of being influential and profitable in the energy industry that seem to be flooded by the foreign power enterprises that have a large capital base, operate with high technology and posses effective management skills. 1. 3 Research questions The main research question of the study is to explain the marketing strategies that have been taken by Shenzhen power corporation in enhancing market sustainability in an industry that is dominated by foreign power enterprises. The questions to be answered in the reach for answering the main question include; i. How does the corporation gather information that is meant to aid in designing marketing strategies? ii. What are the companys target groups? iii. How does the company do its pricing? iv. To what level is customer satisfaction used as a marketing strategy? v. The nature of public relation of the corporation? 1. 4 Research objectives The main objective of the study is to establish the kind of marketing strategies that have been undertaken by Shenzhen power corporation in enabling market sustainability in foreign enterprises dominated industry. The auxiliary objectives that will enable to attain the main objective of the study include i. Identify the various means in which the corporations gather information that is used in designing marketing strategies ii. Identify the target groups for the companys products and services. iii. Identify the criteria that the company uses to set its prices in ensuring effective price setting. iv. Establish the level of customer satisfaction by the corporations v. Establish the nature of the products and services provided by the corporation to the market and their uniqueness compared to the products of the competitors. 1. 5 Scope of the study The study will be based on the looking at the practices adapted by Shenzhen power corporation in relation to the attempt of the corporation to ensure market sustainability in tight competition offered by the foreign power enterprises that are characterized by a large capital base, operate with the application of high technology, and inherent with effective management. Therefore, the study is meant to address the responses from Shenzhen power corporation following the tight competition in the industry that enable the company to thrive in the industry. 1. 6 Significance of the study The significance of the study follows from the argument that economic globalization is certain to disadvantage the domestic industries, that will have an adverse impact of retarding economic growth. Following the economic globalization of China and the example of Shenzhen power corporation, the above statement seem to be invalid because Shenzhen power corporation is still profitable regardless of the economic globalization as a Chinas domestic company. This implies that, there are lessons that are to be learnt from the practices of Shenzhen power corporation following its enhanced market sustainability. The lessons will be applied by other corporations that associate their failure to the concept to economic globalization. 1. 7 Hypothesis of the study The hypothesis of the study is that domestic companies are not affected negatively by economic globalization, but it is their economic inefficiency that makes them incompetent in competing with the foreign companies. Therefore, the companies poor performance after economic globalization is not as a result of the many competitors, it is because of their inefficiency that makes them less competitive. Competitive advantage is earned by designing relevant strategies and not by reducing the number of competitor. Competition is required in the economy in avoiding the excesses that are associated with the monopolies, because the inefficient companies are certain to exit the market due to their inability to compete favorable. Therefore, competition is likely to ensure efficient utilization of resources in meeting the needs of the society. Domestic companies should thus design strategies that are meant to enable them withstand the competition in the market, and that will also promote efficient utilization of the national wealth in meeting the needs of the society. 2. 0 Literature Review 2. 1 Gathering information for strategy designing On ensuring effective strategy designing, an organization is required to gather information that is meant to be used as a tool for strategy designing. This act is meant to eliminate the act of designing strategies arbitrary as it posses the possibility of the strategies becoming irrelevant. Therefore, an organisation requires to lay some measures in ensuring that information that is available and to be used for designing strategy is representational of the real market situation, otherwise the expected results from the strategies will never be realized (Hiebing, 2004, pp 2). The source for information that will be useful for designing the strategies varies in relation to the nature of the industry, the operations of organisation and purpose to which the information will be put into. For example gathering information that is meant to be used in designing the marketing strategies, an organisation is required to get the information concerning the market condition (Boone, 2005, pp 37) The information concerning the market condition may include the desires of the customers, the market price of some products as provided by the demand and the supply forces, and practices of competitors. The right source for information that is to be used in designing marketing strategies should be obtained from the various agencies of the organisation who interact with the customers, because they are the ones who are accessible to the customers, hence likely to understand the customer desires than the managers who are responsible of administration related matters (Cundiff, 2007, pp 48) On ensuring effective designing of strategies that are meant to improve the organisations competence, an organisation is supposed to base its redesigning using the past experience. This will enable an organization to avoid the possibility of repeating the errors that were committed in the previous designs (Bradley, 2005, pp231) 2. 2 Pricing. The pricing mechanism normally depends on the nature of the market structure. A market structure can either be a monopoly, an oligopoly or a competitive market (Gummesson, 2002, pp 137) Price setting in each market structure vary depending characteristics in each market. For example, in the competitive market, every firm in the market is a price taker. They are price takers on the reason that none of the firms can determine the price in the, otherwise the price in the market is influenced by the price mechanism. In a monopoly market, a firm has the powers to determine the price of its goods through the controlling of the supply (Luck, 1985, pp 132). For a firm to survive in the competitive market, the firm is expected to sell at the market price as provided by the market mechanism, otherwise its products are likely to experience a low demand compared to the products of the competitors (Adcock, 2001, pp 102). This follows from the demand law, that explains that when the price of a good increases, the demand of the good is likely to decline. The decline of the demand follows from the consumer either switching to the consumption of a substitute good that will benefit a competitor or reduce the consumption of the good due to the budget constraint (Hisrich, 2000, pp 112) In the competitive market, a firm that is likely to produce its goods and services at the lowest costs is the one that is likely to earn a competitive advantage over the other competitors in the industry. This follows from the fact that the production of goods with low costs will have an impact of increasing the profit margin of the company when selling the goods at the market price (Kotler, 1988, pp 199). This will also enable the firm to compete favorably in the price war in enhancing the demand of the its products, because the company will be able to realize the desired profits level even when selling the goods at the price below the market price (Gualtianan, 1995, pp 89). A firm will only attain the low costs of production if it produces the goods with a lot of efficiency in avoiding waste, that is, the firm should enhance optimal allocation and utilization of the resources in attaining an optimal amount of output at a given the specific level of technology. Organizations can enhance the efficient utilization of the resources by adaptation the various practices that are meant to optimally utilize the resources that include human resource development and the adaptation of the appropriate technology that is certain to enable efficient utilization of the resources owned by a firm (Webster, 1995, pp 47) 2. 3 Customer Satisfaction. Customer satisfaction plays an important role in creating consumer loyalties. The creating of loyalties will rescue the firm from incurring a lot of expenses in advertisement on the look for customers (Davenport, 2001, pp 69). The created consumer loyalty will retain the customers, as they are likely to consume the products of the company in the future. Therefore, it can be perceived as an investment that is meant to benefit the firm to realize the flow of income in the future following the enhanced loyalty. Consumer loyalty is maintained by the firm providing high standard goods to their customers and listening to the desires of the customers, otherwise, the firm is certain to loose the already created loyalties in the future if it does not meet the desires of the customers. The firm is also required to engage in product innovations overtime that are supposed to improve the quality of the products in factoring in the desires of the customers (Hutt, 1981, pp 201). This will reinforce the existing loyalties and also create other more loyalties that are certain to ensure the future demand for the products and services provided by the firm. There normally exist variations in the desires of the customers, implying that the providing of standardized services and products to customers is certain to satisfy the customers in varied ways. In such a situation, a firm is required to either provide a wide range of products that is meant to meet the varied desires or provide customized products and services that are meant to improve the level of customer satisfaction. The advantage for creating customer loyalties through customer satisfaction is that the firm is likely to reduce the costs in advertisement and other promotions because the customers that are retained are aware of the operations of the firm and its operations (Godin, 1999, pp 32). This will enable the company to reduce its cost of operation that will be reflected as an increased marginal profits, hence a positive step towards profit maximization. 2. 4 Product differentiation and patenting. Product differentiation can be perceived as being a strategy that is meant to make the products of some firm unique compared to the products that are offered by the competitors. It will enable the customers to identify the products easily without mistaking it for the ones offered by the competitors. Differentiation may include the adding of some features to the products offered to the market that is meant to sway the customers in enhancing high demand. The differentiations that make the product unique can be copyrighted to avoid the competitors from imitating the design of the product (Sandshoes, 2000, pp43). The patents will bar the competitors from imitating the products, thus a marketing strategy that is meant to enable the firm to minimize competition. 3. 0 Methodology 3. 1 Design The research will involve the collection of information concerning the organisation in question, evaluate its performance over time, and mostly by focusing at its profitability over time in relation to the various strategies that were taken by the organisation to enhance the performance. The study will look at the marketing strategies that are adapted by the organisation and their effects on performance of the organisation. The evaluation of the effects of the strategies on the organization will be identified on using the theories that have been established in relationship to the impact of various changes that are done within the organisation on the performance of the organisation. Therefore, the study will rather use qualitative data than quantitative given the nature of the topic addressed. 3. 2 Participants The main participant in the research is the shenzhen Energy corporation. The company is chosen as a representational of the domestic companies in evaluating the impact of economic globalization on domestic companies and on how best the companies should responding through the designing of marketing strategies in enhancing competence. Shenzhen energy corporation has been used as a representational following its ability to withstand the competition from foreign companies in the energy industry in China. 3. 3 Data collection Following the design of the research, the data that will be collected should be related to the marketing strategies that the Shenzhen energy corporation had taken in enhancing competitive advantage. The strategies that need to be identified include, how the company is enhancing customer Satisfaction, how does the company do pricing, how does the company reach the target group, how does the company gather information that is to be used in decision making concerning the design of marketing strategies, and how the company make its products competitive in the market. 3. 4. Data analysis Data analysis will be done by confronting the identified marketing strategies with the existing marketing theory as provided in literature. This will enable the study to bring out the logic behind the strategies that were taken by Schenzhen energy corporation is ensuring its success. 4. 0 Time Plan. The research will take a time frame of ten weeks, where each week will be allocated its tasks as provided by the schedule below: Task Week Making contacts on places where data and literature will be collected 1 Literature Reviewing 2-3 Collection of Data 4 Data Validation 5 Data Analysis and Interpretation 6-7 writing a draft report 8 Third party reading of the report 9 writing the final report 10 Bibliography Adcock, Dennis. Marketing: Principals and Practice. Financial Times/Prentice hall. 2001. Allan, Clement. Economic Globalization: Social Conflict. labour and Environmental Issues. Edward Elgar Publishing. 2004. Bradley, Frank. International Marketing strategy. Financial Times/ Prentice hall. 2005. Boone, Louis and Kurtz, David. Contemporary Marketing. Thomson South-Western. 2005. Cundiff, Edward and Govoni, Norman. Fundamentals of Modern marketing. University of California. 2007. Davenport, Teresa. Marketing Training Programs: Marketing Training Programs. American Society for Training and Development. 2001. Luck, David. Marketing Strategy and Plans: Systematic marketing management. Prentice hall. 1985. Lu, Ding and Zhou, Huizhong. Chinas Economic Globalization Through the WTO. 2003. Shenzhen Energy Website. Company Profile. Retrieved from; http://www. sec. com. cn/en/about/index. aspx? ModuleNo=080102 Fungi, Hung-gay. Chinese Challenges of Economic Globalization: The effect of WTO Sandhusen, Richard. Marketing. Barrons Educational Series. 2000. Gardner, Susannah. Buzz Marketing with Blogs for Dummies. Wley. 2005. Godini, Seth. Permission in Marketing. Simion Schuster. 1998. Gualtianan, Joseph and Paul, Gordon. Marketing Management: Strategies and Programs. McGraw-Hill. 1995. Gummessoni, Evert. Total relationship marketing. Butterworth-heinmenn. 2002. Hiebing, Roman and Cooperi, Scott. The One Day Marketing Plan for an organisation: Organizing and Completing a working Plan. McGraw-Hill Professional. 2004. Hisrichi, Robert. Marketing: Business Libr. Barrons Series. 2001. Hopper, Paul. Living with Globalization. Berg publishers. 2006. Hutt, Michael and Speh, Thomas. Industrial Marketing management: A Strategy View of Organizational Markets. University of Michigan. 1981. Kotler, Philp. Principles in Marketing. Pearson Prentice Hall. 2005. Kotler, Philip. Management Marketing: analysis, planning process, implementing, and controlling. Prentice hall. 1988. Peerenboomi, Randalla. Chinas Modernization. Oxford University Press. 2007. Prigoff, Wyner. Economics of the Social workers University of Michigan. 1999. Stalkeri, Peter. The Social Effects of Globalization. Prentice Hall Publishing. 1998. Webster, Fredrick. Industrial , Marketing Strategy. John Wiley and Sons. 1995.

Define And Discuss Anti Oppressive Practice

Define And Discuss Anti Oppressive Practice Professionals get involved in peoples to protect then and promote social justice , yet oppress them for example, by making decisions for them or the structure of an organisation can oppress on individual. Oppression is: The central circle P represents the personal, psychological, practice and prejudice. Here we are considering the individuals thoughts, feelings and actions. The way in which each practitioner interacts with service user and the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦inflexibility of mind which stands in the way of fair and non-judgmental practice. The P level is embedded in the C level, as values and norms are internalised through socialisation. C refers to the cultural, sphere where people share à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ways of seeing, thinking and doing. Commonailties and consensus about right and wrong and conformity to shared norms are found here. Social inequalities are thus legitimated through culture. Our culture is supported by structures such as the economy, society and the nation state. The C level is immersed in the S level. Discrimination is part of the fabric of society. Socio-political and social divisions describe the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦interlocking patterns of power and influence (Thompson 1997). Therefore, at the P and C level we can see that anti oppression and values are interlinked. they are both socially constructed moral code that assist and control our actions within society; as social work practice recognises the complexity of interactions between human beings and their environment, it has drawn some of its knowledge from anti-oppressive practice and values in order to influence individual change. This knowledge helps the social worker to make informed judgements in addressing the inequalities and injustices that exist in society (Stanford 2005). Issues and risk factors from the case study. A referral form the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS) was sent to the organistion on be half of David, requesting service from the Adult Community Mental Health Team (CMHT). David is 17 and half years old has got a history of mental health. Clinical depression (quotion) and self harm. and has been involved for 3 and half years with The Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service(CAMHS). His condition is medicated and he been taking this on a regular basis as well as receiving counseling. Due to his age his current Social worker his referred him to the Adult Community Mental Health Team. However, the CMHT made clear that David could receive service from the organisation as he not 18. This could have a negative effect on his condition. for example, it may further the risk of self-harm and potential risk of accidental suicide. According to (Rutter, 1995 and Steinberg, 2004) adolescent are particularly vulnerable to self- harm and suicide if they are already suffering fro m depression. Therefore, coping strategies such as counselling and the resources centres are important to his well-being. However, at the moment its not Cleary as to where David will receive support. according to the Menatl Health Act \he is sitll a child mental health Act Both organisation were in a dilemma as the both shifting to blame on his age however the Menatal Health Act points outin this case Daivd may need an independent person to speak out for him because the professional are able to support. I found this very demoralising and questioned the CAMHTS decision; had she thought about, the remaining mouths of his age, was this helping David to lead a fulfilling life like any other citizen and had she thought of any other ways to support David attend a resource centre without stopping him completely? I wondered whether the whole notion of working together, partnership professionalism, and commissioning meant anything at all to the both social workers. I thought that the CAMETS social worker decision based on a social model. This decision deprived to David to gain a resource that will enhance his well-being. For the reason, his complex needs where not being met. Since both organisations where not working in partnership. There are two types of partnership working, one working with the service user and the other working with other professionals as part of a multi-disciplinary approach. Coulshed Orme (2006:230) states Multi-disciplinary work or inter-agency work is carried out to ensure that a range of service is accessed to provide a holistic approach to meeting the needs of service user. In this case, I believe the CAMHT did not carry out a holistic approach clearly his/ her approach was to simply transfer David to the AMHT. As Thompson (2000) stress partnership working with service users involves working with clients, as opposed to making decisions for them. This view is also shared by Hatton (2008) and Trevithick (2000) who points out positive practice must involve service user if it is to achieve agre ed objectivesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦within this process, service user must be seen not only in terms of problems they bring, but as whole person and full citizens. Therefore, in partnership working, the service user is seen as the expert on themselves and therefore it is essential to involve them in all of the processes. Hatton(2008) goes on to say, if social work is to make a real impact on live of people like David it needs to develop a frame of reference which values, hears and works in partnership. This is in contrast to for example, the medical model, where the professional is regarded as the expert on the service and the service users health. redard of his he should fall ut of this frame referneces. in constarn with ths social modle as it is concerned with experience of vulnerable people at risk of oppression and social devaluation. The whole notion of working together and joined up thinking is now embedded in social work and social care discourses in the United Kingdom (DOH 1998, Payne 2000) Partnership working with other professionals is highly important in order for services to be delived well. The relationship between different agencies can sometimes be difficult as both parties are likely to operate on different levels. For example, referring to level S or Structural-organisation level of the PCS model in Davids case both professional where clashing or the case. Therefore, services are not co-ordination. This will have an effect at the C level or the professional-culture level. As Wilson (2008) highlights effective cooperation between different profession groups is possible but they is a range of difference between them; for instance, their goals, the nature and peace of their work. Therefore, professionals have different priorities, expectations, obligations and concerns, as this is the underlying message in the case of David as a result it is important that these are shared from the beginning to enable understanding. This then allows any issues to be dealt with in a positive and open manner (Thompson, 2000). In doing so, professionals should A, recognise and accept the need for partnership. b, develop clarity and realism of purpose. c, ensure commitment and own ship. d, develop and maintain trust, e, create clear and robust partnership arrangements. F, monitor, measure and learn.(Nuffield cited from class notes) According to the working together It is considered as high-quality practice when a service has partnership working with both the service user and other professionals. According to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Keeping clients informed and aware of any issues and changes in the situation empowers the client and provides autonomy. In order to work in partnership, it is important to keep communication channels open, by involving the service user and other professionals in decision making processes, for instance, in the case David the CAMHTS social worker should have communicated with the AMHTs social worker in advance about the transfer. Therefore, it would have been clear that the AMHT would not be able to take on Daivd, therefore, he/ she would have thought of an alternative such as commissioning service. Commissioning means that services a available so that identified needs can be met c and 0()This suggests that he/she was accountable to the supplier of the resources and the service user . This is supported by the GSCC code of practice as it requires social workers to be accountable for the quality of their work. In the case of David there was lack of commissioning and partnership the case was closed both social workers did not think about the next step. .. to carry out an assessment and plan therefore , Par tnership working promotes a jointed accountability for resolution of the condition, making sure that all parties consider that their contributions are important (Thompson, 2000). Plans must be supported on negotiated agreement and not on the prejudices or assumptions about clients feeling or thoughts. ,

Dialogue Definition History Intercultural Dialogue Theology Religion Essay

Dialogue Definition History Intercultural Dialogue Theology Religion Essay

Genetically Modified Foods Essay -- GMOs, Genetically Modified Crops

Genetically Modified Foods With an ever-growing population and the problems of world hunger, there has been a high demand for an increased food supply and a better food supply. Technology has been called upon to meet this challenge. The advent of genetically engineered foods, sometimes called transgenic crops or genetically modified foods, is not a new concept, but the controversy over it is. Can these "frankenfoods" be harmful to humans? What are their effects on the environment? The following paper will focus on such questions as well as providing a better understanding of what genetically modified foods are and how they should be regulated. What are genetically modified foods? Although traditional plant breeding has been around for ages, the development of recombinant DNA techniques have offered a wide range of valuable genes and methods of inserting them into the plant genomes. Two major advances in molecular biology have resulted in new plant breeding technology: "The construction of genetic maps saturated with DNA markers, and the subsequent design of relatively simple PCR-based assays to facilitate the selection of desired alleles at closely linked loci and the resulting development of plant lines with desired combinations of traits; The cloning and DNA sequencing of specific genes, the reassembly of specific DNA fragments into functional chimeric genes, and the transfer of such genes to single plant cells from which complete plants can be regenerated via cell and tissue culture." (Conner et. al, 1999) It is the second method of breeding that has come into the most light recently and offers the opportunity to develop a wide variety of new crop cultivars. Transgenic plants are usually made up of a gene... ...ally engineered crops. Current Opinion in Biotechnology. Vol. 10, 1999. Pp. 298-302. OCDE (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). Consensus document on general information concerning the genes and their enzymes that confer tolerance to glyphosphate herbicide.1999. http://www.oecd.org/ehs/ehsmono/#BIO Snow, Allison and Pedro Moran Palma. Commercialization of transgenic plants: potential ecological risks. BioScience. Vol. 47, Feb. 1997. Pp. 86-96. Steinbrecher, Ricarda A. From green to gene evolution: the environmental risks of genetically engineered crops. The Ecologist. Vol. 26, Nov./Dec., 1996. Pp. 273-281. 14. Traynor, Patricia and James H. Westwood, Eds. Proceedings of a workshop on: ecological effects of pest resistance genes in managed ecosystems (Jan. 31-Feb. 3, 1999). Information Systems for Biotechnology. http://www.isb.vt.edu

Book Review: Siberia: Its Conquest and Development Essays -- essays re

Ronald Frank2004-05-03T00:58:00 Beyond the Urals Semyonov, Yuri. Siberia: Its Conquest and Development. Baltimore: Helicon Press, 1963. 414. What would motivate men to venture into some of the harshest areas on Earth, often with a small amount of supplies and an overwhelming chance of not returning alive? Plenty, argues Yuri Semyonov, â€Å"plenty of freedom, plenty of natural resources, and little authority† (86). Yet, Siberia: Its Conquest and Development if far from a simple retelling of several adventure tales. What the author presents is a comprehensive history of Siberian exploration spanning roughly 500 years, complete with thorough analysis of the political, cultural and economic factors that were at play throughout. Semyonov begins with a brief introduction of Russian history prior to Ermak’s journey, discussing key forces ultimately responsible for Siberia’s conquest. All the important expeditions from Ermak, to Deshnev, to Bering are discussed in great detail. Certainly the story of Ermak drowning in his heavy armor has not gone untold; throughout the book Semyonov gives both historical facts and traditional legends in order to create a more complete picture. Siberia covers a broad range of geographical locations, including Siberia, Alaska, and even touches on Hawaii and Japan. In effect, any area related to Siberian conquest is given attention. Yet, just as the title would have you believe, Siberia: Its Conquest and Development, at its heart is still...

Darkness Is Coming, for Me, and You…

Chapter One: Sunday, October 20th, 1998 In the small town of Bloomberg's, 16 year old Caddis lived on Sunstroke. Suspicious and mysterious things were always going on in Bloomberg's. For example, Caddie's school, Crucified Hall, there are rumors going on there like: eerie echoes, flickering lights, dark shadows, and, believe it or not, some of the students told the principal that, well†¦ They saw ghosts! They say the ghosts walk the halls, moaning, and haunting†¦ But at night it's even freakier.Imagine going to a school, no lights, no one there, you hear eerie noises, the lights flicker where ever you go, then, you start engine dark and shadowy shadows. Freaky huh? Who would ever want to do that? Especially at night time? Well, guess what? This Just described Caddis perfectly! She always risks it. Let me tell you about Caddis. Her favorite color is neon green, she says it's soothing and it calms her. Her favorite cereal is Cheerios she will eat them every single breakfast i f she could! She loves bunnies, â€Å"They're fluffy and their nose is adorable when it twitches! † She exclaimed.She's shy but has lots of friends, and of course enemies! Who doesn't have enemies, right? Her friends were at a sleepover once with Caddis and wanted to play truth or dare, one of the girls named Lea gasped and said, â€Å"Guys! Did you see that? † They looked around, not realizing Lea was Joking but then Koala spoke in a quivering voice, â€Å"Oh my gosh, guys I saw it, I'm scared. † Then the other girls, except Caddis got freaked out, some not too scared not too calm, others were freaking out, Caddis was the only one not freaked out, and said â€Å"Guys, this happened last time, Lea always Just tries to spook us out! The girls then felt a cold chill up and down their spine. â€Å"Guys†¦ Did you feel that too!! † Gig asked, reeking out more, pulling a blanket over her head. â€Å"It might have Just been our minds playing tricks on us. † Caddis announced to the shivering girls under their blankets. There was a big bang somewhere in the room, Lea reached for her flashlight, grabbed it and turned it on. She turned it this way and that way looking all over the room under her blanket. The other girls peaked from under their blankets while Caddis sat next to Lea inspecting the room with the flashlight. See guys, it's nothing! † They all let a bunch of air out like they were holding their breath. â€Å"Um, Caddis, do you think you can turn on the light†¦ Yeastiness asked. Caddis took the flashlight, got up and saw the light switch across the room. She took a deep breath, held her breath and started walking toward the light switch, kind of scared. All the girls screamed when she turned off the flashlight, but in a flick of 5 seconds the light switch was on. They all let out a bunch of air again, relieved. â€Å"Thanks so much Caddis! What would we do with out you? † Gig thanked and asked. Eh, I' m not sure, probably sit in the darkness all night waiting for someone to walk in, but then you'd all scream. † Caddis giggled. Then everyone giggled. What a sleepover! Chapter 2: Monday, October 21st, 1998. She plopped her hand on the alarm clock for it to stop. She got up and rubbed her eyes, when she opened them she saw a girl sitting at her window sill, but in a blink of an eye she was gone. â€Å"Ham, Oh well. † Caddis said. She rushed downstairs starving, and saw her mom making waffles, bacon, eggs, and saw a cup of milk on the table. Caddis sat at the table and took a sip of her milk. Goodling Cat, who'd you sleep? † Caddie's mom always called her Cat as her nickname. â€Å"Great, thanks for the breakfast. † Caddie's mom smiled, a sign of saying yourself and placed Caddie's restart in front of Caddis on the table. Caddie's mom then put her plate of breakfast across from Caddie's plate on the table. She sat down and started eating like Caddis was. The re was a long silence and then Caddis spoke, â€Å"Mom†¦ Do we have any visitors? Like†¦ In the house? Maybe looking around the house? † Caddie's mom sat there thinking. â€Å"No sweets, I don't think so†¦ Why did you ask? Caddie's mom asked Caddis, worried. â€Å"Oh um no reason†¦ † Caddis told her, trying to calm her. Caddis finished breakfast and went up to her room when she heard a girl's laughter. It was spooky, like the laughter was laughing at Caddis like her pants fell down. Caddis looked around and saw nothing, she shrugged and continued up the stairs. She went into her room and got dressed for school. The usual Scares, t-shirt, light Jacket, and sneakers. She brushed through her brown curly hair. She fixed her hair, grabbed her backpack and went down stairs. â€Å"Bye mom, I'm walking, I know you have to work and I hate the bus. Caddis told her mom. â€Å"k honey, see you later, have fun! † Caddie's mom said. Caddis walked, head d own watching where she steps and saw her school ahead. As she walked in the school she realized she was late. Everyone was already in their classrooms learning, while she was Just arriving. She walked through the halls looking for her classroom. Caddis always gets mixed up with the classrooms. Before she went into her classroom she decided to go to the girl's restroom to wash her face, she was really tired. She swung open the door to the restroom and walked in, the door shutting by itself.She put her backpack down next to the sink and turned on the faucet. She put her hands under the water and looked in the mirror about to splash her face but noticed a child in a long white dress that as torn, her hair was a blond mess, her teeth were Just starting to get yellow, and she had marks under her eyes. Caddis splashed her face and looked behind her at nothing. The girl was gone and she wasn't in the mirror. Caddie's heart was beating fast. â€Å"It was nothing Caddis, Just get to classâ € ¦ † Caddis told herself unsure. She grabbed her backpack and saw two pale feet under a stall.The pale feet was bruised and Caddis could tell they were not sitting, actually it looked like they were standing, maybe peaking an eye in between the cracks in the stall at Caddis? Caddis walked UT of the restroom not very calm and marched to her classroom. She opened her classroom door and walked in but, was she ready to learn? Or ready to figure out what was going on? Chapter 3: Monday, October 21st, 1998, Cafeteria Caddis and the classes came out of their classrooms talking, laughing and heading all around the school while Caddis and her class headed to the Cafeteria.Caddis grabbed a plate of food and went to sit at a table with her friends, Lea, Gig, Yeastiness, Koala, and Brian or Bri for short. She sat down and picked at her food. â€Å"Caddis, why so quiet? † Koala wondered. The other girls looked at Caddis waiting for â€Å"k, guys, I keep on seeing this girl. Firs t when I woke up she was sitting on my window sill, Then I saw her in the restroom, she had a long white dress that was ripped, no shoes, her feet and skin were so pale. She had blond messy hair, and her teeth were Just starting turning yellow. † Caddis explained. The girls looked at catheter and got scared. W-what if it was a ghost? † Yeastiness asked shaking, no longer hungry for chicken nuggets. The girls sat there, letting everyone else around them fill their silence. â€Å"Guys†¦ We can't be serious. There is Just no way. Caddis told them. Caddis thought about it. â€Å"But what about the girl you saw? † Lea wondered. Caddis again thought harder. â€Å"Look guys, she wasn't a ghost, next time I will talk to her†¦ OK? † They started picking at their food. Brittany spoke, â€Å"She was a demon†¦ † There it was again, a long silence. Whatever was going on here, Caddis was determined to figure it out.Caddis got up and left the Cafete ria, leaving behind all the faces of her friends. Chapter 4: Monday, 11:00 P. M, 1998. Caddis was running, fast, running from a girl in a torn white dress, her hair was blond and a big mess, she was giggling spooky. Caddis went up to a cliff, stopped and turned around, having no where to go. The girl came up to her, stopped and giggled crazily at the sight of Caddis could fall any minute. â€Å"WHO ARE YOU! † Caddis screamed. The girl smiled, her eye twitching. â€Å"All I wanted was to play with you. † The girl said giggling. The girl got closer, while Caddis stretched back farther. I meant a name! † Caddis told the girl. The girl giggled again. â€Å"My name is Amine. † The girl answered. Caddis got unbalanced and almost fell off the cliff. â€Å"What do you want with me you demon! † The girl stopped smiling, her face transformed into a furious ace. She screamed, â€Å"NO NO! YOU SHALL NOT CALL ME THAT! † Narrate pushed Caddis off the cliff , giggling happily. Even though Amine was a demon, she had feelings, feelings that could never be described, maybe she didn't want to be like that. Caddis fell and screamed one last word, â€Å"DEMON! † When she hit the ground she woke up terrified from the nightmare.Caddis breathed deeply, frightened from the nightmare. â€Å"Amine†¦ † She whispered. Once she said that name her window swung open and her curtains flew in the wind coming into her room. Caddie's eyes widened when it happened and her heart was beating vastly. Caddis Jumped up to close her window, when she did there was a shadow behind the curtains. Caddis tried to see behind them without touching them, but she had to touch them, she grabbed it and swung it around looking behind it. There was nothing. She felt a cold breath on her neck. â€Å"Hi†¦ Amine. † Caddis whispered.Caddis heard moaning, that turned to echoing. The next step†¦ Haunting. Chapter 5: Tuesday, October 22nd, 1998 Ca ddis rushed downstairs again starving, ready to eat. She Just remembered her mom had to go to work early, she left an hour ago. Caddis grabbed a bowl and poured cheerios in her bowl. She grabbed the milk Jug in the fridge and poured it in her bowl of cheerios. She turned around with the milk Jug in her hand, screamed, and dropped the milk on the floor, the milk went all over the floor. Amine, the demon, was holding a bowl of strawberries. â€Å"Need strawberries? † Amine asked giggling.Caddis looked at the floor and gasped, when she looked up Amine was gone, leaving the strawberries on the counter. Caddis grabbed a rag and cleaned up thought. She took her bowl of cheerios to the table, set it down, and sat in a chair. She ate slowly, feeling like something was watching her†¦ Or someone. Caddis got a chill suddenly up and down her spine and right at the moment that happened, she heard foot steps upstairs. Caddis got up slowly, freaking out, her heart pumping right out of her chest and stepped back against the wall away from the stairs. The foot steps stopped and Caddis heard something breaking.She gasped and ran up the stairs. She looked all over the upstairs floor and finally in her room where she saw her room TRASHED! She heard spooky giggling. â€Å"What do you want with me, Amine? † Caddis wondered, sobbing. Amine then came out and appeared inferno of Caddis. Amine smiled a little. L want to re-create the picture of my death but†¦ † Amine walked around the room, light on her feet and continued, â€Å"The picture will be different, the picture wont have me included . It will have someone else in my spot. † Amine picked up a Jerry box and opened it, she touched a ballerina inside of it and it twirled slowly, dancing to music.Amine smiled a bit. â€Å"But I didn't kill you. † Caddis argued. Caddis looked at what Amine was doing and stepped back a bit. â€Å"Yes but, this house†¦ Your room, well†¦ † A mine said that and stopped trying to find the right words. â€Å"WELL? † Caddis started to get impatient. This room used to be my room, and I figured out the girl who pushed me†¦ † Amine told Caddis again stopping. Caddis was starting to get really impatient and stomped her foot. Amine looked at Caddis and smiled, her eye started to twitch again. â€Å"Your cousin killed me! She came up to me and Just pushed me! We were the besters friends†¦ Amine told her. Caddis thought about what Amine said and repeated the words that Amine said to herself in her head. Caddis spoke, â€Å"It was probably an accident, she would never do such a thing†¦ † Some how Caddis knew which cousin Amine was talking about. Amine was furious. â€Å"You don't get it! I need to kill you because then it's a freebie! Your cousin Nicole will be so depressed you're gone, her favorite cousin, she will kill herself to be with you! You're like a sister to her†¦ Besides, you sto le my room. † Amine explained. Amine slammed the Jerry box closed, the ballerina snapping and threw it.Amine moaned deeply and went through the wall and left a cold gust of wind behind. Caddis knew Amine was gone†¦ For now. She realized the time and gasped. â€Å"I'M AN HOUR LATE FOR SCHOOL! † She screeched. Caddis got dressed, a t- shirt, Scares, and sneakers. She brushed through her naughty, curly, brown hair, and axed it up, rushing. She brushed her teeth, grabbed her backpack and ran out the door heading for the school. She was breathing deeply when she arrived. She went into the school and was not ready to learn at all, actually she needed to figure out what Amine had in mind for Caddis.Chapter 6: Tuesday, October 23rd, 1998, Cafeteria Caddis stared at the floor and walked slowly to the Cafeteria. She walked in and grabbed a plate of food. She went to sit with her friends. Caddis stared at her food, daydreaming. â€Å"Hey Caddis! † Gig said. Lea snapped her fingers in front of Caddis and Caddis looked up. â€Å"Oh†¦ Hey. † Caddis said. The girls looked at catheter and knew something was wrong with Caddis. â€Å"Caddis, hey what's wrong? † Yeastiness asked worried. Caddis played with her food and began to sob. â€Å"Oh guys it's terrible! The demon, her name is Amine!She wants to kill me because my cousin, Nicole, the picture of her death? Oh guys, what do I do! † Caddis sobbed into her napkin. They all stared at Caddis not knowing what to say. â€Å"Caddis†¦ ‘ don't know what to tell you, I'm really sorry†¦ † Lea said feeling bad. â€Å"Caddis is there a way to stop her or something? † Brian wondered. Caddis thought about it, she had no idea when Amine would do it. I-I have no idea when Amine will re-create the picture†¦ But I have a plan. Meet me at Broomstick's Park tomorrow after school. † Caddis said that, got up and left the Cafeteria. Chapter 7: Wednesday, Oc tober 24th, Bloodstain's Park.Caddis arrived at Broomstick's Park and was surprised to see a familiar face there. Guess who, Amine†¦ What a surprise. Caddis walked slowly toward her. Amine was looking at her surroundings as she was sitting on a bench. She looked at a few birds, flowers and other children playing. Amine looked up and smiled at Caddis, she waved to Caddis and patted on the bench next to her. Caddis didn't move, she didn't blink, she didn't even breathe. Amine stopped smiling, and 5 seconds later smiled again. She got up and floated to Caddis, grabbed her hand and yanked her to the bench, forcing her to sit down.Amine sat down and Caddis sat as far away as possible from Amine. â€Å"Awful, isn't it? † Amine said looking around her. Caddis looked down at her feet like she wasn't supposed to hear that. Amine continued, â€Å"l used to love this park. It was my favorite place when I was alive. Ah, I remember when I use to hide behind that particular tree and scare the little children. † Amine told Caddis pointing at the tree. Caddis looked up at the tree, it was odd-looking. A dark shade of green and it had no sun any where near it. Caddis knew why Amine was so wicked, she was Just as wicked when she was alive. Caddis looked at the trees' surroundings.A few dead flowers, dark and dead grass, and most of all, no one ever went near that tree. It always gave you a cold chill up and down your spine, like if you touched it you'd be haunted. Everyone always believed that and it is true because of Amine. â€Å"l think I'm ready to know†¦ How did you die? † Caddis wondered looking at Amine waiting for a respond. Amine stopped smiling. She sighed. â€Å"It all started at Insole's house, your devilish cousin, an-† Caddis cut her off, got up and said â€Å"Nicole wasn't devilish! She was an angel. † Amine clenched her teeth and said â€Å"You wouldn't understand, do you want to hear the story or not†¦ Caddis s at back down and listened. â€Å"Anyway, I wanted to climb the roof with her, she said it's too dangerous we could be killed and if we do live through it, my parent's would kill me. I said so what, take a chance! She was still not sure about it but she agreed to me, she admitted she only did it because she was afraid of me, surprisingly. We went up to he roof, I climbed it first and then she climbed it slowly. The roof was a triangle shape. I dared her to walk it, she said no. I did and I said now you have to do it because I did it. She sobbed while I yelled at her to do it.She started walking, I came closer to help her. She almost fell and tried to push me away, yelling not to help. When she did that she pushed me and I fell backwards screaming. I saw her last expression, her hands were covered over her mouth and she sobbed more. I absolutely hate her, I Just despise her now and however was in her family. † Amine explained this all in 1 minute, Caddie's eyes widened. Nicole was really upset because-† Amine cut Caddis off and shouted, â€Å"NO, NO SHE WASN'T! I visited her the day after I died, there she was throwing out memories of us! She was ripping pictures know what she said?She said she didn't want to remember me because of two reasons, one it was too sad and two she was scared of me realizing she killed me. † Caddis sat there clueless of what to say while Amine growled and flew into the sky leaving a gust of cold chills up and down Caddie's back. She then heard talking and laughter, she looked up and saw her friends. She smiled a bit to see them. â€Å"Hey Caddis!!! Gig waved. They all came and sat next to Caddis on the bench. Caddis stopped smiling and looked down. â€Å"Guys†¦ Amine told me how she died†¦ So now I know exactly what she is going to do to me†¦ Caddis told them and continued, filling in everything Amine told her. â€Å"Wow†¦ Lam so sorry Caddis, do you got an idea? † Lea apologized and ask ed. Caddis then explained a good plan, but she told them the only flaw to it is she doesn't know when Amine will kill her. â€Å"k, let's Just settle down and we can think of something tomorrow. † Yeastiness decided. Caddis nodded, got up, and walked away, heading for home. Caddis said to herself in her head two words, I'm dead†¦ Chapter 8: Thursday, October 25th, 1998. Caddis woke up from a nightmare about the place of where Amine would take her.Caddis got out of bed and went downstairs, ready for breakfast. She saw her mom getting ready for work. â€Å"Cat honey, you'll going have to make yourself breakfast again, they called me in early for work. † Caddie's mom told her rushing to get ready. Caddis nodded and got out a bowl, and then a box of cheerios. Caddie's mom looked at Caddis and felt her cheeks and forehead. â€Å"Sweetheart, you're sick you have to stay home today. † Caddie's mom told her. Caddis moaned, wanting to go to school where there is a l ot of people, instead, she has to be home†¦ And not exactly alone. Amine would be with her of course.Caddis heard giggling. Caddie's mom checked Caddie's temperature and said, â€Å"Yep, looks like you're staying home. † She showed Caddie's temperature. It was 100. 3†¦ Great. Caddis thought. Caddie's mom smiled, kissed Caddis on the forehead, grabbed her purse and left, blowing a kiss goodbye. Caddis poured milk into her cereal and started eating it, leaving the milk on the counter and she stood while she ate it. Amine yanked Caddis up the stairs ND opened a secret door in the ceiling that led to the attic. Caddis climbed the ladder into the attic and saw old, dusty boxes. â€Å"Open this one. Amine said pushing it close to her. Caddis sat down crisis-crossed and tore it open, she gasped when she saw tons of beautiful white silk dresses, all with different designs and different length. She took out the one on the top, it was designed with beautiful white roses, the length was down to her ankles and it was white and silky. Amine smiled, her eye was twitching. â€Å"This one was my favorite, go ahead, put it on. † Amine demented nicely but it seemed she didn't really. Caddis hesitated, she didn't want to put on a dress of a dead girl but she did so she wouldn't make Amine angry.Amine then told Caddis to open another one. Caddis did and when she did, she saw a box full of at least two dozen dolls. She searched through it and pulled out a doll that was wearing her dress. She hugged it but she didn't mean to. She had no idea what she was thinking when she hugged Amine's doll and put on Amine's dress. â€Å"Come, let's fix your hair. † Amine suggested, sitting Caddis down in front of a mirror. Amine twisted and pulled at Caddie's hair then she wrapped it in white ribbon. Perfect, you almost look as beautiful as I do. † Amine assured Caddis. Caddis shut.I will name this doll Sophia. Thought Caddis. â€Å"This doll was my most fa vorite, so was the dress, her name is Hated. You've heard McDonald, well this is Hated. Get it? Spell it backwards. † Amine told her, smiling. Caddis took a minute to think about it. D-e-a†¦ -t-†¦. H. Death†¦ Caddis thought. Caddis dropped the doll on the floor. Amine smiled, grabbed the doll and floated through the window, leaving behind Caddis unanswered. Caddis ripped off the dress roughly, seriously ripping it. She goosed it in the box and along with the ribbon. She closed the boxes, left the attic and went to her room.When she entered her room she saw something familiar on her bed staring at the doorway and now Caddis. It was†¦ Hated. Chapter 9: Friday, October 28th, 1998. Yesterday, Caddis put Hated in the attic. Amine didn't show up since then. Caddis got out of bed, there was no school today. It was teacher's day. Caddis went downstairs and saw breakfast made on the counter with a note. It read: Had to go to work early. Love you! Caddis took the bre akfast, strawberries, bacon, eggs, and a banana. She set it on the table and ate. Amine came and sat down across from Caddis.She snatched a strawberry off Caddie's plate and ate it. â€Å"l love strawberries. † Amine said eating the Juicy red strawberry. Caddis was done eating and put her plates on the counter. â€Å"When will you kill me Amine. † Caddis asked afraid. Amine floated around the room. â€Å"Ham, let's go right now, it's supposed to rain today. † Amine answered. Amine grabbed Caddie's hand and pulled her out of the house, through the woods, and arrived at Insole's house. Caddis tried to pull away but it was no use. Amine dragged her into Insole's house, up the stairs and onto a bedroom.Amine opened the window and climbed onto the ledge of the roof. â€Å"Let's go! † Amine yelled, climbing the roof. Caddis hung onto the ledge and pulled herself up, it was the same as monkey bars except she was going upwards diagonal. Caddis arrived at the top of the triangular roof and held onto the chimney as she stepped onto the roof. She saw clouds coming with thunder and lightning. All of a sudden rain poured down like a waterfall in the town. Amine looked up and spread her arms out like she was absorbing the rain. Amine looked at Caddis and giggled at Caddie's terrified face. k, so it's very simple.Just walk from this chimney to that chimney. † Amine told Caddis pointing at the chimney that was on the other side of the house. Amine started to walk to the other side, her arms spread out balancing herself. She touched the chimney on the other side. â€Å"k! Now you do it! † Amine yelled over to Caddis. Caddis started to bawl saying, â€Å"l can't do it! I can't do it, please Amine! † Amine giggled and walked over to Caddis, grabbed her hand and pulled her a little. Amine let go and stepped back. Caddis took one step and almost slipped from the rain on the roof that made it slippery.Amine took Caddie's hand seeing h ow Caddis was very unbalanced leaning this way and that way. Caddis tried to take her hand away. â€Å"Stop, don't help me! † Caddis screamed frustrated. She tried to push Amine away thinking if she did push Amine nothing would happen but Caddis was wrong. She pushed Amine and Amine fell backwards Just as before when Nicole did it. Amine fell screaming and fell in a puddle. Caddis climbed down from the roof, ran down the stairs and out the door of where Amine fell. She didn't see Amine there. Caddis ran through the forest not minding her face was being mound Amine's grave and read it.Here lies Amine. The wicked one who will return. Chapter 10: Friday, April 28, 1999. Six Months Later†¦ Caddis kneeled at Amine's grave inspecting it more. Caddis had a feeling inside of her that Amine was gone†¦ For good. Caddis got up and left, heading for home. There was a gust of wind that surrounded the grave, leaves flew in the air following the wind, and suddenly stopped. Amine's head popped out of the soil and she smiled her teeth were yellow. She dug her nails into the soil and yanked herself out of the ground and stood up. Amine was back and ready for revenge.

Group Dynamics in 12 Angry Men Essay

The 1957 Sidney Lumet directed classic 12 Angry Men, the film adaptation of a stage drama from a few years prior, is centered logistically and physically around an uncomfortably diverse set of men with a common goal of achieving a jury verdict in a murder trial.   Representing the greatest of organizational challenges, the plot forces these 12 instinctively conflicting personalities into the suffocating quarters of a shrinking jury deliberation room. The setting is consumed by a wilting pressure, as the men are isolated together on a sweltering summer day with the difficult task of assessing the terrible allegation at hand.   Lumet’s film is, on the one hand, an excellent discourse on morality and duty amongst a diversity of caricatures.   To another extent though, the work is a study on organizational behavior, producing a setting in which undefined roles are gradually filled by a combination of necessity and individual instinct.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Amongst the men collectively assigned to the task, numerous organizational roles begin to form and shift, with leaders, followers, thinkers and bullies occupying various positions throughout.   Though all are moved to address the same problem, each perceives it according to a perspective tied to his own experiences.   The task of reaching a verdict on the basis of evidence would require collaboration, but these prejudices and personalities distinction render this a continually elusive goal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It becomes clear quite immediately that leaders and followers are not strictly defined by their willingness to exercise power, but perhaps more by their varying senses of duty.   This is embodied by the narrative’s protagonist, who shows himself to be naturally imbued with a devotion to the propriety of the cause.   The eventual emergence of Juror #8, played to due complexity by Henry Fonda, illustrates that leadership is a capacity which comes with reason, communication and focus.   This is a distinct characterization from the founding of leadership in aggression or overbearing authority.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With respect to the organizational behavior apparent in this distinction, the critical viewer is inclined to consider the interesting pressure which is placed upon such a leader as Juror #8, who must attempt to levy a minority influence over a group of individuals mostly inclined by the desire to go home to cast their votes with relative unanimity.   In the face of eleven guilty votes, #8 felt that he had no choice but to enter a not guilty vote, bearing in mind the singular duty of the jury.   It was his contention that the primary objective here was not, as some had clearly seen it, to end this case with expediency, but instead to determine whether the defendant was guilty ‘beyond a reasonable doubt.’ This language represents the mission statement of the organization formed by the 12 man jury.   Juror #8 was the only individual to administrate the pursuit of this goal and, in a fashion that is reflective of the challenges potentially common to any working environment, was forced to do so in the face of hostile opposition, oppressive external circumstances and various informational challenges.   Instead of seeking to render each of these challenges to obscurity or allowing them to derail the organization from achieving its defined goal, Jury #8 illustrates a valuable managerial talent in motivating various members therein to consider their role in reaching said goal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is through this plot movement that Lumet carefully draws out the process of ascension to group cohesion.   Indeed, this is no simple task, as Juror #8 must none-too-gently navigate the apprehension of some, the distortion of perspective in others and the outright irrational defiance of still others in order to steward the organization to a recognition of itself as a single working unit.   This is a useful point to consider, as we evaluate the many challenges related to personnel which would individually be forced to the surface by the protagonist’s tireless instigation of critical thought.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After provoking some consternation for voicing his ‘reasonable doubt,’ Juror #8 pragmatically deconstructs the case, pointing out that the primary witness was an elderly woman who was not wearing her glasses at the time of the murder in question.   Moreover, the murder weapon, a switchblade knife which a store clerk claimed he sold to the defendant, was illustrated to be one of a possible infinitive of knives which looked nearly identical to the exhibit A knife. And perhaps most importantly, the victim of the murder was the defendant’s father and the close association and bad relationship between the two provoked a wealth of circumstantial evidence against the defendant.   From an organizational perspective, these are factors which can be looked upon as uncertain variables upon which critical scrutiny need be applied.   However, the flimsy nature of these variables is generally obscured by the persistence of a group conflict that is founded upon the disparate strands of personality which make up the jury.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Juror #8 skillfully weaves the primary goal of finding a correct verdict through the fabric of these case facts, appealing to what he senses is an experientially biased perspective in each juror, in order to invoke consideration of all these prospects.   It is thus that he encounters several phenomena of group dynamic which detectably play a part in obstructing the immediate achievement of intended goals. One effect in particular is that of conformity, which would play a significant part in stimulating some of the meeker jurors to assume the defendant’s guilt on the basis of popular consensus.   For many jurors falling into this category, the influence of many of the more vocal jurors would serve to intimidate or cloud individual perspectives, causing the minority perspective taken by Juror #8 to encounter pointedly steadfast opposition.   The meeker men would retain a strength in numbers that would allow them to hide from organizational responsibility.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For Juror #8, the situation of organizational unanimity without critical speculation would be in and of itself problematic.   We are not even certain as the audience that the juror is responding to a belief that the defendant was necessarily innocent.   Instead, there is a clear sense of concern over the propriety in carrying out the appropriate duty of the court.   Therefore, we see that the character was left with only the option of initiating conflict as a means to invoking the critical debate which would have otherwise been problematically absent from the proceedings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   We may consider that the juror might have sought another approach than facing collectively and individually the obstructions to the deliberation of justice.   For one, a possible alternative for action in this circumstance may have been the call for a dismissal of certain jurors.   In particular, Juror #3, played by Lee J. Cobb, is driven by the damaged relationship he shares with his son and Juror #7, played by Jack Warden, is moved to action by his deep-seeded hatred for foreigners. In the self-appointed role of group leader, the protagonist must attempt to draw these individuals away from these distorting perspectives in order to understand the case on its own merits.   These facts of prejudicial perspective might have been treated as grounds for dismissal from the organization given the legal consideration surrounding such motives and the inherent contrariness which such motives posed to the mission of carrying out justice.   Such an alternative might have properly saved the organization the bottle neck to meeting its goal produced by the resistance of poorly oriented personnel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ultimately, however, Juror #8’s methods, while painstaking, were perhaps the most optimal, implementing as they did a careful strategy of communicative and practical organizational unity in spite of a seemingly irreconcilable spectrum of ideologies, personalities and intentions.   In the resolution of this unique film, the audience never does learn if the defendant is guilty of murder, but viewers are collectively moved to better understand the identifiable characteristics which constitute organizational responsibility.